Category: Uncategorized

International terrorism has emerged as one of the most pressing security challenges of the modern era, affecting not only the countries directly involved but also global peace and stability. Terrorism, in its many forms, continues to transcend borders, often involving non-state actors, organized networks, and complex ideological motives. India, as a nation that has faced…

West Asia, a region characterized by its complex political landscape, strategic importance, and long-standing conflicts, holds significant geopolitical relevance for India. The region’s crises, particularly those involving Israel-Palestine, Syria, Iraq, Iran, and the wider Arab Spring, have far-reaching implications for global security, energy, and international diplomacy. As a country with deep historical, cultural, and economic…

India’s foreign policy-making is influenced by a combination of historical legacies, national interests, and evolving geopolitical factors. While the formal conduct of foreign relations in India is the responsibility of the Executive—primarily the Prime Minister (PM) and the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA)—political parties play a significant role in shaping and influencing foreign policy decisions….

India’s foreign policy, since its independence in 1947, has been shaped by a combination of its historical experiences, strategic objectives, and the global political environment. The guiding principles of India’s foreign policy are rooted in the ideals of non-alignment, peaceful coexistence, and multilateralism. As a developing country with a rich history, a diverse society, and…

BRICS is an acronym for an association of five major emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. It was originally conceived as BRIC in 2006, with South Africa joining in 2010. The BRICS nations are characterised by their significant influence on global affairs, particularly in areas of economic growth, development, and geopolitical influence….

India’s relationship with the United Nations (UN) has been an important aspect of its foreign policy since its independence in 1947. As one of the founding members of the UN, India has been actively involved in shaping global discussions on issues such as peace and security, sustainable development, human rights, and disarmament. India’s approach to…

India, the world’s largest democracy, has a complex and multifaceted record when it comes to honouring human rights. Its constitution, adopted in 1950, guarantees a wide range of fundamental rights to all citizens, reflecting a commitment to justice, equality, and freedom. These rights, including freedom of speech, right to education, and right to life and…

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) refers to the investment made by a foreign entity in an Indian company or asset, typically in the form of acquiring a controlling interest or establishing new business ventures. FDI is a crucial driver of economic growth, industrial development, and technological advancement in developing economies like India. Since economic liberalisation in…

Central Asia, comprising the five Central Asian Republics (CARs) – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan – occupies a geopolitically strategic location between Russia, China, Iran, and South Asia. India’s engagement with Central Asia is driven by multiple factors such as energy security, economic ties, geopolitical interests, and the promotion of regional stability. Central Asia…

West Asia, commonly referred to as the Middle East, is of strategic significance to India due to historical, economic, and geopolitical reasons. Home to some of the world’s largest energy reserves and a large Indian diaspora, the region plays a vital role in India’s energy security, trade, and foreign policy. India’s approach to the West…

India’s engagement with the East Asian Community (EAC) forms a crucial part of its “Act East Policy”, which aims to deepen strategic, economic, and cultural ties with East and Southeast Asian countries. The EAC, emerging from the framework of ASEAN Plus Six, includes 18 countries such as India, China, Japan, Australia, South Korea, New Zealand,…

India’s civil nuclear agreements are a cornerstone of its energy diplomacy and strategic autonomy. The pivotal moment came with the India–US Civil Nuclear Agreement (2008), often referred to as the 123 Agreement, which ended India’s decades-long nuclear isolation. This agreement recognized India as a responsible nuclear state despite its non-signatory status to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation…