Centre-State relations in India have been marked by various tensions and challenges since the country’s independence in 1947. These tensions arise from the division of powers and responsibilities between the central and state governments, as outlined in the Constitution of India. This essay examines some of the key tension areas in Centre-State relations. Legislative Jurisdiction…
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Examine Gandhi’s contribution of the economic thinking in the early National Movement.
Mahatma Gandhi, a towering figure in the Indian National Movement, made significant contributions to economic thinking that profoundly influenced the movement’s ideology and strategies. His ideas on economic self-reliance, decentralization, and social justice laid the foundation for a unique approach to economic development that prioritized the welfare of the masses and aimed at achieving Swaraj…
Public Interest Litigation (PM).
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal mechanism that allows individuals and organizations to seek judicial intervention in matters of public interest. Unlike traditional litigation, where parties directly affected by a dispute are involved, PIL enables concerned citizens, activists, or non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to file petitions on behalf of marginalized or disadvantaged groups or to…
Women in Development (WID)
Women in Development (WID) is a framework that emerged in the 1970s as a response to the recognition that women’s contributions to development were often overlooked, marginalized, or undervalued. It seeks to address gender disparities in development processes and outcomes by integrating women into development policies, programs, and projects. This essay explores the key principles,…
What is market economy ? Explain its advantages and disadvantages.
A market economy, also known as a free market economy or capitalism, is an economic system in which the production, distribution, and pricing of goods and services are determined primarily by the interactions of individuals and businesses within a competitive market environment, with minimal government intervention. In a market economy, the forces of supply and…
Discuss the nature of class inequality in India.
Class inequality in India is a complex and deeply entrenched phenomenon rooted in historical, social, and economic factors. It manifests across various dimensions, including income, wealth, education, occupation, and access to resources and opportunities. This essay delves into the nature of class inequality in India, examining its historical context, contemporary manifestations, and socio-economic implications. Historical…
Critically analyse the evolution of religious politics in India.
The evolution of religious politics in India is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon shaped by historical, cultural, and socio-political factors. From pre-independence movements for religious identity to contemporary debates over secularism and communalism, religious politics has played a significant role in shaping India’s political landscape. This essay critically analyzes the evolution of religious politics in…
Analyse the economic consequences of liberalism in India.
Analyzing the economic consequences of liberalism in India requires understanding the context of liberalization policies implemented since the early 1990s. Liberalism in the economic sphere in India refers to the adoption of market-oriented reforms aimed at deregulating the economy, promoting private sector participation, and integrating with the global economy. While these policies have brought about…
“The classical theory says that military has no role in democratic politics.” Analyse.
The assertion that the military has no role in democratic politics is a foundational principle of classical democratic theory. Rooted in the ideals of civilian control over the military and the separation of powers, this principle emphasizes the importance of keeping the military subordinate to civilian authority and ensuring that political decisions are made by…
Analyse the changing notion of civil society in the era of globalization.
The concept of civil society has evolved significantly in the era of globalization. Traditionally viewed as the space between the state and the individual, encompassing non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community groups, and advocacy organizations, civil society has undergone substantial transformation due to the interconnectedness and transnational dynamics introduced by globalization. This essay examines the changing notion…
Discuss the impact of the working class movement on Indian Politics.
The working class movement in India has played a significant role in shaping the country’s political landscape. Rooted in the socio-economic struggles of industrial and agricultural workers, this movement has influenced policy decisions, political alignments, and the broader discourse on labor rights and social justice. This essay examines the historical context, key developments, and the…
Political Participation has made the Indian democracy more inclusive.
Political participation is a cornerstone of democratic governance, allowing citizens to influence decisions that affect their lives. In India, the world’s largest democracy, political participation has significantly contributed to making the political system more inclusive. This essay explores how various forms of political participation, including voting, political representation, and civil society activism, have enhanced inclusivity…