The assertion of backward classes in Indian politics has been one of the most significant and transformative developments in the country’s political and social landscape. Historically marginalized and discriminated against, the backward classes—comprising primarily of the Other Backward Classes (OBCs), Scheduled Castes (SCs), and Scheduled Tribes (STs)—have increasingly demanded greater political representation, social justice, and…
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Patterns of politics of ethnic minorities in Indian States
The politics of ethnic minorities in Indian states is an important aspect of India’s complex political landscape. India is home to a vast array of ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups, many of which are concentrated in specific regions and states. The politics of ethnic minorities in India has been shaped by historical, social, economic, and…
The reasons for the persistence of Inter-State water disputes
Inter-state water disputes have been a long-standing issue in India, affecting the smooth functioning of federalism and leading to political tensions between various states. These disputes primarily arise from competing demands for water resources, which are critical for irrigation, drinking water, industrial use, and power generation. The persistence of these disputes can be attributed to…
Discuss the impact of globalization on State politics in India
Globalization, the process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among nations and regions, has had profound implications for Indian politics, especially at the state level. Since the 1990s, when India embraced economic liberalization and opened its markets to the world, the effects of globalization have been felt across all sectors of society, including politics. This transformation…
Social capital framework for studying State politics
Social capital is a concept that has gained increasing attention in political science as a means of understanding how social networks, relationships, trust, and norms within communities contribute to political participation, governance, and the functioning of democracies. In the context of state politics, social capital can be understood as the networks of relationships among individuals,…
Self-determination movements
Self-determination refers to the right of a people or a community to freely determine their political status and pursue their economic, social, and cultural development. Historically, the principle of self-determination has been central to decolonization movements and the establishment of new nation-states. It has also been a crucial concept in the struggle for the autonomy…
The developments in Indian politics that have transformed the party system in the Indian States since the 1980s
Since the 1980s, Indian politics has undergone significant transformations that have reshaped the party system at both the national and state levels. The evolution of the Indian party system has been marked by the decline of the Congress Party’s dominance, the rise of regional parties, the increasing importance of identity politics, and the emergence of…
Critically examine the major determinants of electoral behaviour in India
Electoral behavior in India is shaped by a complex interplay of multiple factors, reflecting the country’s vast diversity in terms of caste, religion, language, region, and class. Over the years, political analysts have identified several major determinants of electoral behavior, which influence how voters make decisions in elections. These determinants include socio-economic factors, party affiliation,…
The reasons for the demand of Statehood
The demand for statehood in India has been a recurrent theme in the post-independence period, driven by a variety of socio-political, economic, and cultural factors. The formation of states in India after independence was based on linguistic, cultural, and geographical considerations, but over time, various regions have demanded statehood due to a range of reasons….
Constitutional mechanisms for resolution of Inter-State conflicts in India
Inter-state conflicts in India often arise due to disputes over resources, political boundaries, and administrative issues. The Constitution of India provides a variety of mechanisms and provisions for addressing and resolving such conflicts, aiming to maintain the unity, integrity, and harmony of the country. These mechanisms ensure that inter-state conflicts are resolved peacefully and equitably,…
Changes in the pattern of State politics in India since the 1960s
Since the 1960s, the pattern of state politics in India has undergone significant transformations, driven by political, social, and economic factors. These changes have reflected the evolving dynamics of power within states, the rise of regional aspirations, and the growing importance of identity-based politics. 1.1 Rise of Regional Political Parties In the 1960s, Indian politics…
Various efforts made for electoral reforms since independence
Electoral reforms in India have been a key focus of political and constitutional discourse since independence. Over the years, various commissions, committees, and political movements have worked towards improving the electoral system in the country to ensure free, fair, and inclusive elections. The aim of these reforms has been to address challenges such as voter…